Il buen vivir andino nella lettura della relazione uomo-ambiente: visione mistica della natura o modello utile al superamento del dualismo antropocentrismo-biocentrismo?

The Andean buen vivir in reading the human-environment relationship: mystical vision of nature or useful model for overcoming anthropocentrism-biocentrism dualism?

Abstract

In his work Organism and Freedom. Toward a Philosophical Biology (1973), the German philosopher Hans Jonas asserted that when observing a living being, the useful gateway to intuit its life is (organic) metabolism, intended as the incessant renewal of parts; with the consequence that the existence of each living being is an organic existence. From this point of view, the fusion of culture and nature found in the Andean philosophies inspiring buen vivir seems of some interest as it is, we might say, against the privileged position of homo sapiens in the relationship between man and the environment. This paper seeks to investigate the realization of biocentrism, in terms of the overall health of the ecosystem, attainable through a balance achievable by responsible conduct. From the point of view of comparative law, the exercise we intend to carry out aims to verify whether the Andean buen vivir principle, typical of Latin American societies, particularly Ecuador and Bolivia, where it has been constitutionalized, can represent an alternative legal model to Western development, according to the principles of responsibility and respect, in the realization of an environmental (neo)constitutionalism.